Bone health is critical to overall well-being, yet it is something many of us overlook. If you have a family history of osteoporosis or fractures or are simply concerned about your bone health, your doctor might recommend a bone density scan.
But what exactly is done during this test, and why is it important? Here is everything you need to know about bone density scans.
What Is a Bone Density Scan
A bone density scan, also called dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA or DXA), is a painless test that measures the strength of your bones. It helps detect conditions such as osteoporosis, a disease where bones become weak and break easily.
The scan uses low-level X-rays to determine how much calcium and other minerals are in your bones.
The most common areas scanned are the spine, hip, and sometimes the forearm. These are areas where fractures are more likely to occur in people with brittle bones.
Why Do You Need a Bone Density Scan
Your bones naturally lose density as you age, but sometimes, this process speeds up, increasing your risk of fractures. A bone density scan helps to:
- Identify if you have osteoporosis or are at risk of developing it.
- Assess your chances of breaking a bone in the future.
- Monitor the effectiveness of treatments for bone diseases.
- Help your doctor recommend preventive measures if your bones are losing density.
This test is particularly important for women over 65, men over 70, or younger individuals with risk factors like a family history of osteoporosis, prolonged use of certain medications (like prednisone), or medical conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.
What Happens During a Bone Density Scan
If your doctor recommends a bone density scan, here is what you can expect from start to finish.
Check-In
When you arrive at the diagnostic facility, you may be asked to complete some paperwork about your medical history. Make sure you inform the staff if you are pregnant or have any medical implants like a pacemaker.
Preparation
You will likely be asked to change into a medical gown, though sometimes wearing loose clothing without zippers or buttons is acceptable. You will also need to remove any jewelry or metal objects, as these can interfere with the bone density scan results.
There is no need to fast or take medicine before the bone density scan unless specifically instructed by your doctor. Remember to talk to your healthcare provider about any medications or dietary supplements you are currently taking, as these can affect bone density.
During the Scan
The bone density scan itself is quick and painless, lasting about 10 to 30 minutes. Here is what happens:
- You will lie on a padded table, usually flat on your back.
- A scanning arm will pass over your body, taking X-ray images of your bones. The most common areas scanned are your spine and hips.
- You will need to stay still during the scan to ensure clear, accurate images.
The amount of radiation used during a bone density scan is extremely low, less than the amount in a chest X-ray, making it safe.
Results and Analysis
A bone density scan provides results as a T-score. This score compares your bone density to that of a healthy young adult of the same gender. Here is what the scores mean:
- A T-score of -1.0 or above is normal bone density.
- A T-score between -1.0 and -2.5 indicates low bone density (osteopenia).
- A T-score of -2.5 or lower means osteoporosis.
Your doctor will review your results with you, explaining what they mean and discussing any next steps, such as lifestyle changes or treatment.
What Can You Do to Improve Bone Health
If your results indicate low bone density or osteoporosis, there are several steps you can take to strengthen your bones.
Diet
Eat foods rich in calcium (such as dairy products and leafy greens) and vitamin D (like eggs and salmon). Supplements for bone health may also be beneficial.
Exercise
Weight-bearing and strength-training exercises are essential for maintaining strong bones.
Avoid Smoking and Excessive Alcohol
Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can weaken bones over time.
Medications
If necessary, your doctor may prescribe medications such as bisphosphonates to slow bone loss.
Bone Density Scan in Irmo, South Carolina
A bone density scan is a simple yet powerful way to assess your bone health and take action before any issues occur. With the insights provided by this test, you and your doctor can create a plan to strengthen and protect your bones, ensuring a healthier, more active future.
If you are ready to take control of your bone health, schedule a consultation with us here at SC Internal Medicine Associates & Rehabilitation. We offer state-of-the-art diagnostic services, including DEXA scans, to help you maintain strong and healthy bones. Our team specializes in family medicine and internal medicine and provides personalized care for every patient.
For more information or to schedule a consultation with one of our providers, call us today at (803) 749-1111 or fill out our appointment request form. We look forward to serving you!
